What is Non-Woven Fabric?
Non-woven fabric is a web or sheet which is produced by using natural or man-made fibers or filaments or recycled fibers that have not been converted into yarns. Finally these are bonded by following different methods to form non-woven fabric. It may also have other names such as shaped fabrics or yarn free fabrics.
There are so many uses of non-woven fabrics in our daily life such as in clothing, civil engineering, furnishing, manufacturing factory, kitchen, car, hospital etc.
Some special types of non-woven fabrics are as agro tech, build tech, medi tech, mobi tech, pack tech, cloth tech, geo tech, oeko tech, home tech, pro tech etc.
Types of Non-Woven Fabric Manufacturing Process:
There are mainly four types of process followed to produce non-woven fabrics. Those are-
- Spun bond process,
- Melt blown process,
- Water jet process,
- Needle punched process.
Non-Woven Fabric Manufacturing Process Flow Chart:
The below process has to maintain during non-woven fabric manufacturing in textile industry:
The below process has to maintain during non-woven fabric manufacturing in textile industry:
Processing of fiber (Man-made, natural or recycled)
↓
Dyeing (If necessary)
↓
Opening
↓
Blending
↓
Oiling
↓
Laying (Dry laying, wet laying, spin laying)
↓
Bonding (Mechanical, thermal, chemical, stitch bonding)
↓
Raw non-woven fabric
↓
Finishing
↓
↓
Dyeing (If necessary)
↓
Opening
↓
Blending
↓
Oiling
↓
Laying (Dry laying, wet laying, spin laying)
↓
Bonding (Mechanical, thermal, chemical, stitch bonding)
↓
Raw non-woven fabric
↓
Finishing
↓
Finished non-woven fabric
Non-Woven Fabric Finishing Methods:
There are two types of finishing methods of non-woven fabric. Those are in the below:
1. Dry finishing methods:
It includes:
- Shrinkage,
- Glazing,
- Crabbing,
- Calendaring,
- Pressing,
- Perforating.
2. Wet finishing methods:
It includes:
- Coloration,
- Printing
- Anti-static finishing,
- Hygiene finishing,
- Dust bonding treatment,
- Absorbent and repellent finishes (Oil, static, water etc.).
What Types of Fiber Used in Non-Woven Fabric Manufacturing Process?
The following fibers (Natural, man-made and natural fibers) are widely used in non-woven fabric manufacturing process.
- Cotton,
- Viscose,
- Lyocell,
- Polylactide,
- Polyester,
- Polypropylene,
- Bi-component fibers,
- Recycled fibers.